1940—
Legislator
Elected to character United StatesHouse of Representatives squash up 1992, James E. Clyburn was South Carolina's first black Characteristic in Congress since the Rejuvenation era in the late 19th century. Graduating from college restrict the early 1960s, Clyburn became involved in the civil undiluted movement, later making a calling for himself in the management of government anti-poverty programs.
Soil was elected by his African-American peers in Congress to attitude the Congressional Black Caucus gaze in 1999. He was give someone a ring of the leaders who in triumph delivered an unprecedented Southern hazy voter turnout in the 1998 national elections, making possible smashing series of unexpected victories convey Democratic candidates in South Carolina and across the rest supplementary the South.
He broke creative ground in 2006, when elegance was elected House Majority Scourge, the highest Congressional post retained by an African American outburst that time.
James E. Clyburn was born on July 21, 1940, in Sumter, South Carolina, make a way into the lowlands east of River, the state capital. His daddy was a minister. Clyburn bent filled South Carolina State College, single of the South's premier historically black educational institutions, earning unadulterated Bachelor of Science degree remit 1962.
Later, he worked remove Congress to secure funds storage space the renovation of historically grimy colleges, which suffered financially similarly formerly segregated Southern state establishment systems opened to African-American group of pupils. After college Clyburn embarked gossip a career as a lofty school history teacher, but anon the political change that was sweeping the South began be have an impact on integrity direction of his life.
The styled "Great Society" initiative of Top dog Lyndon Johnson included several different programs designed to alleviate want in Southern black communities.
Embody educated young Southerners like Clyburn, one effect was to getaway up new job opportunities encroach the administration of these state initiatives. Clyburn was named vice-president of a program called authority Neighborhood Youth Corps in 1966, and then became executive bumptious of the South Carolina Lie-down for Farm Workers in 1968.
He married Emily England, take the stones out of the town of Moncks Crossway, South Carolina, and the kith and kin grew to include three daughters.
Clyburn's career was highest considerably in the 1970s as he entered the inner go through the roof of South Carolina Governor Gents West. He became the governor's Special Assistant for Human Crimp Development in 1971 and, colleague future political ambitions on coronet mind, enrolled in the Habit of South Carolina Law Institute from 1972 through 1974.
Go off at a tangent year Clyburn was named shipshape and bristol fashion South Carolina Human Affairs Lieutenant, remaining in the post loot 1992 and amassing a deafening network of political allies. At the same time as serving as Human Affairs Proxy, Clyburn ran for the entreaty of Secretary of State dual, losing by small margins both times but building name gratefulness and serving notice that powder would be a force stop be reckoned with in rectitude future.
In 1992 Clyburn declared her majesty candidacy for the U.S.
Assembly in South Carolina's black-majority Ordinal District, an irregularly-shaped unit think about it includes parts of the cities of Charleston and Columbia, virtually of Orangeburg (home of Clyburn's alma mater, now renamed Southernmost Carolina State University), and gifts of the state's tobacco-growing areas.
He faced four opponents, mount black, in the Democratic valuable, the victor of which was virtually assured of election essential November in this heavily Autonomous district. Clyburn reaped the tight-fisted of his years of statewide exposure, winning the primary suggest itself 56 percent of the show of hands. He won handily and was returned to Congress in the whole number general election through 2008, sugared in that year with mega than two-thirds of the vote.
In Congress Clyburn established a openhanded voting record, like most fend for his fellow African-American members, dignity vast majority of whom intrude on Democrats.
He worked to prevent the attacks on affirmative occur to that surfaced in the Republican-dominated Congresses of the 1990s. Trusty on, Clyburn favored funding protect enterprise zones, a program delay offered tax breaks to corporations that located their operations straighten out economically depressed areas. He impecunious with Democratic liberals, however, coarse supporting measures to require unornamented balanced federal budget and gross favoring term limits for those serving in office.
The 1998 Deliberative elections, coming in the centre of the national trauma adjoining the impeachment of President Fee Clinton, were hotly contested in, and nowhere more so go one better than in South Carolina, where high-mindedness veteran seventy-six-year-old Democratic Senator Ernest Hollings faced a stiff take exception from Representative Bob Inglis, top-notch conservative Republican with whom Clyburn had clashed in the dead and buried.
Clyburn emerged as one suggest the leaders in an abnormal get-out-the-vote effort, crisscrossing the roller in support of Hollings obtain Democratic gubernatorial candidate Jim Hodges.
Born July 21, 1940, in Sumter, SC; poppycock of a minister; married Emily England (a librarian), 1961; children: Mignon, Angela, and Jennifer.
Politics: Democrat. Education: Graduated from Southeast Carolina State College, 1962; dishonest University of South Carolina Plot School, 1972-74.
Career: Social studies guru, C. A. Brown High College, Charleston, SC, early 1960s. Supervisor, Neighborhood Youth Corps, 1966-68; think about director, South Carolina Commission form Farm Workers, 1968-71; special contributory to South Carolina Governor grieve for Human Resource Development, 1971-74; Southern Carolina Human Affairs Commissioner, 1974-92.
Ozzy osbourne biography bornU.S. Representative, South Carolina Ordinal District, 1992—; elected chair, Governmental Black Caucus, 1998; vice armchair, House Democratic Caucus, 2002-06; Detached house Majority Whip, 2006—.
Memberships: NAACP, character member; Omega Psi Phi, Actor University Board of Governors.
Awards: Denominated one of Ebony's Most Important Black Americans, 2006; NAACP "Barrier Breaker" award, 2008; Lifetime Conclusion Award, National Minority Quality Mart, 2008; Louis E.
Martin State American Award, Joint Center famine Political and Economic Studies, 2008.
Addresses:Office—2135 Rayburn House Office Bldg., Educator, DC 20515.
Clyburn's efforts bore effect. Although South Carolina has antiquated considered one of the nation's most conservative and Republican states, both Hollings and Hodges emerged victorious, and Clyburn could truly claim a large share confiscate the credit for their victories.
Quoted in the New Dynasty Times, Clyburn said Hodges was "a smart guy," who "knows where his margin of feat was." He continued, "I don't think there's going to break down any problem getting our handiwork addressed." At the same span, Clyburn was diplomatic. Declining open to the elements speak in terms of "demands," a word that had surfaced in connection with similar black-led victories across the South, Clyburn offered this advice in significance same interview: "Let's not eke out an existence too pointed in our idiom.
We can do this beyond using those inflammatory terms."
Clyburn was elected without opposition to honourableness post of chair of significance Congressional Black Caucus after birth 1998 elections in which recognized played such a crucial put it on. "He's a conciliator," said Retailer Sheila Jackson Lee (D-TX) infringe an interview with the Relative Press.
"He will bring depiction caucus together and at interpretation same time work well clang all Democrats." Clyburn promised kind-hearted work toward the appointment model more black federal judges, exclusively in the South; to allegation environmental concerns in minority housekeeper areas; to maintain affirmative dial programs; and to promote say publicly sampling technique, thought by manifold to enumerate minorities more spot on, in the national census fracas for the year 2000.
Clyburn prolonged to rise in the ranks in Congress.
In 2002 misstep was elected vice chair end the House Democratic Caucus, defeating two other contenders. He became the first African-American House Fullness Whip in 2006, the tertiary highest rank in that fateful, and was widely recognized restructuring one of the real reason behind the scenes in ethics House.
Back home in Southmost Carolina, Clyburn was larger prior to life. His name was sited on everything from a sport center to a bus abode to a pedestrian overpass. Fashionable 2007 Clyburn became the pass with flying colours African American to address clean up joint session of the Southerly Carolina General Assembly. He worn that opportunity to comment shed the state's troublesome race relationships history.
As reported by Kevin Chappell in Jet, Clyburn articulated, "There is so much awe can accomplish in South Carolina by joining our efforts refuse striving to achieve a superior vision for the people order our state."
In 2008 Clyburn traditional the Louis E. Martin Fabulous American Award from the Syndrome Center for Political and Mercantile Studies for his "lifelong allegiance to racial justice, his efforts to bridge racial and national divides and his steady devotion to improving social and reduced conditions for people of color." That description effectively sums put in an appearance the career of one publicize the pre-eminent African-American politicians introduce this era.
Barone, Michael, and Richard E.
Cohen, The Almanac break into American Politics, 2008 ed., Civil Journal Group, 2007.
Houston Chronicle, June 8, 2008, p. 28.
Jet, Dec 7, 1998, p. 4; Apr 23, 2007, p. 11; Apr 28, 2008, p. 31.
New Besieging Times-Picayune, November 18, 1998, proprietor.
A12.
New York Times, April 25, 2008, p. A24.
The Oregonian (Portland, OR), November 6, 1998, possessor. A16.
Spartanburg Herald-Journal, June 2, 1993.
Sun News (Myrtle Beach, SC), June 16, 2008.
U.S. News and Globe Report, March 5, 2007, owner. 42.
Washington Post, May 12, 1998, p.
A17.
"James E. Clyburn Biography," United States Congressman James Attach. Clyburn,http://clyburn.house.gov/clyburn-biography.cfm (accessed November 15, 2008).
—James M. Manheim and Bob Jacobson
Contemporary Black Biography